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A Stepper Motor or a step motor is a brushless, synchronous motor, which divides a full rotation into a number of steps. Unlike a brushless DC motor, which rotates continuously when a fixed DC voltage is applied to it, a step motor rotates in discrete step angles. Download Keysight instrument drivers, current and previous versions, ordered by driver types, and learn more about using instrument drivers.

This JDBC tutorial helps you write Java code to establish database connection with an Oracle database server – the first step to have Java applications working with one of the most popular database systems. Suppose you already had a version of Oracle database installed, such as Oracle Database Express Edition.Table of content:

1. Download JDBC driver library for Oracle database

To make a Java program talks with Oracle database, we need to have the Oracle JDBC driver (OJDBC) present in the classpath. Click here to visit Oracle’s JDBC driver download page. Then select the JDBC driver version that matches Oracle database sever and JDK installed on your computer. Currently there are two main versions of OJDBC:- OJDBC 8: certified with JDK 8, for Oracle database 11g and 12c.- OJDBC 10: certified with JDK 10, for Oracle database 18c and 19c.NOTE:Oracle requires users to have an Oracle account for downloading, so you may have to register an account if you don’t have one.Extract the downloaded archive, and place the ojdbc10.jar file under your project’s classpath as usual as using any jar file.If you use Maven, add the following dependency to the pom.xml file:

2. JDBC database URL for Oracle database

The syntax of database URL for Oracle database is as follows:

jdbc:oracle:<drivertype>:@<database>

jdbc:oracle:<drivertype>:<user>/<password>@<database>

Where:

• drivertype can be thin, oci or kprb.
• database can be in the form of hostname:port:SID or a TNSNAMES entry listed in the file tnsnames.ora reside on the client computer. The default port is 1521.

Oracle categorizes their JDBC driver into four different types, as described in the following table:

Driver type	Usage	drivertype
Thin Driver	For client-side use without an Oracle installation	thin
OCI Driver	For client-side use with an Oracle installation	oci
Server-Side Thin Driver	Same as Thin Driver, but runs inside an Oracle server to access a remote server	thin
Server-Side Internal Driver	Runs inside the target server	kprb

According to Oracle, if your JDBC client and Oracle database server are running on the same machine, you should use the OCI Driver because it is much faster than the Thin Driver (The OCI Driver can use Inter Process Communication – IPC, whereas the Thin Driver can use only network connection).For example, if you want to connect user tiger with password scott to an Oracle database with SID productDB through default port on host dbHost using the Thin Driver, you can construct the URL as follows:If using the OCI Driver:If you have a TNSNAMES entry productionDB in the tnsnames.ora file, you can construct the URL as follows:For the Server-Side Thin Driver, use the same URL as the Thin Driver.For the Server-Side Internal Driver, use the following URLs:Because in that environment, the driver actually runs within a default session, and the client is always connected so the connection should never be closed.

3. Register Oracle JDBC driver

The Oracle JDBC driver class name is oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver.You can register this driver as follows:or:NOTE:Since Java 6 (JDBC 4.0), registering the driver explicitly as above becomes optional. As long as we put the ojdbc10.jar file in the classpath, JDBC driver manager can detect and load the driver automatically.

4. Establish connection to Oracle database

With JDBC, we can establish a database connection by calling the method getConnection() of the DriverManager class. There are three versions of this method:

• • static Connection getConnection(String url)
  • static Connection getConnection(String url, Properties info)
  • static Connection getConnection(String url, String user, String password)

So we can have three ways for making a connection as follows:

Using only database URL for everything

In this method, we specify all connection properties in a single URL string, for example:

That uses the Thin Driver to connect the user tiger with password scott to the database SID productDB running on the same machine through the default port 1521.

Using database URL, username and password

In this method, we pass the username and password as additional arguments to the method getConnetion(), for example:

Using database URL and Properties object

In this method, we use a java.util.Properties object to hold username, password and other additional properties. For example:In this example, we are using the OCI Driver with a TNSNAMES entry ProductDB, and specifying an additional property defaultRowPrefetch which is the number of rows to prefetch from the server.

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5. Java Connect to Oracle Database Example program

To demonstrate, we create a small example program below that establishes three different connections in 3 ways mentioned above, and finally close all the connections:That's Java code example for making connection to Oracle database server. For visual howtos, watch the following video:

JDBC API References:

Related JDBC Tutorials:

Attachments:

[Example program]

1 kB

Edit this Doc The Windows Driver

Appium has the ability to automate Windows PC Desktop apps. This driver relieson a project from Microsoft calledWinAppDriver, which is anAppium-compatible WebDriver server for Windows Desktop apps (and more in thefuture). WinAppDriver is often abbreviated 'WAD'. WAD is bundled with Appiumand does not need to be installed separately.

The Windows Driver supports testing of Universal Windows Platform (UWP) andClassic Windows (Win32) applications.

In addition to the WAD repo, development of the Appium driver takes place atthe appium-windows-driverrepo.

Requirements and Support

In addition to Appium's general requirements:

• Windows PC with Windows 10 or up
• Ability to enter Administrator mode

Usage

The way to start a session using the Windows driver is to include theplatformNamecapability in your new session request, withthe value Windows. Also, ensure that you set the deviceName capability toWindowsPC as well. Of course, you must also include an appropriate appcapability, at a minimum (see below).

Capabilities

The Windows driver supports a number of standard Appiumcapabilities. See below for how theseshould be used specifically with the Windows driver.

Setup

To test a Windows app, simply make sure you have turned developermodeon.

When running Appium (whether Appium Desktop or from the command line), ensurethat you have started the app / cmd prompt as an administrator.

Writing Tests for the Windows Driver

You could begin by taking a look at some existing samples:

Java Samples
1. Open the sample folder as an existing project in a Java IDE such as IntelliJ. For example: CalculatorTest2. In the Java IDE build and run the test

C# Samples
1. Pull and open CalculatorTest.sln under CalculatorTest2. In Visual Studio 2015 with the test solution open build the test and select Test > Run > All Tests

Javascript/node Samples

1. Using selenium-webdriver

If you want to write tests from scratch, you can choose any programminglanguage or tools supported by Appium/Selenium to write your test scripts. Inthe example below, we will author the test script in C# using Microsoft VisualStudio 2015.

Create Test Project

1. Open Microsoft Visual Studio 2015
2. Create the test project and solution. I.e. select New Project > Templates > Visual C# > Test > Unit Test Project
3. Once created, select Project > Manage NuGet Packages... > Browse and search for Appium.WebDriver
4. Install the Appium.WebDriver NuGet packages for the test project
5. Start writing your test (see sample code under [samples])

Universal Windows Platform App Testing

To test a UWP app, you can use any Selenium supported language and simplyspecify the Application Id for the app under test in the appcapabilities entry. Below is an example of creating a test session for WindowsAlarms & Clock app written in C#:

When testing the application you authored yourself, you can find the Application Id in the generated AppXvs.appxrecipe file under RegisteredUserNmodeAppID node. E.g. c24c8163-548e-4b84-a466-530178fc0580_scyf5npe3hv32!App

Classic Windows App Testing

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To test a classic Windows app, you can also use any Selenium supported languageand specify the full executable path for the app under test in the appcapabilities entry. Below is an example of creating a test session for WindowsNotepad app:

Starting a Session

As mentioned above, you should additionally use these capabilities to ensureyou are getting a Windows App automation session:

platformName: WindowsdeviceName: WindowsPCapp: the appID of the Windows app for testing, or the path to the .exe file

Inspecting UI Elements

Microsoft Visual Studio 2015 by default includes Windows SDK that providesgreat tool to inspect the application you are testing. This tool allows you tosee every UI element/node that you can query using Windows Application Driver.This inspect.exe tool can be found under the Windows SDK folder such asC:Program Files (x86)Windows Kits10binx86. The tool will show variouselement attributes. The table below shows you which Appium locator strategy youshould use to find elements with the corresponding attributes.

Locator Strategy	Matched Attribute
accessibility id	AutomationId
class name	ClassName
name	Name